Abstract: Introduction: Sometimes people ingest a foreign body. Mostly this is food that got impacted in the oesophagus. Endoscopic intervention is needed. The aim of the study is to describe abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract possibly responsible for the impaction. Material and methods: A case series is presented of patients who underwent endoscopy because of a foreign body. Results: Mostly the foreign body that got impacted in the oesophagus was food or meat. In almost 40% of cases there was some structural abnormality present in the oesophagus partly responsible for the impaction. In all patients with a foreign body located in stomach or duodenum no structural abnormalities were detected. Mostly, the foreign body could be removed by pushing it into the stomach. Complications of the ingestion or procedure did not occur. Conclusion: Food impaction occurs and is mostly the result of swallowing without chewing.

Abstract: This study was designed to study of liver diseases using triple-phase computed tomographic scan protocol in Sudanese patient whom presented to computed tomography scan department at Kuwaiti specialized hospital-Sudan, when the liver is investigated using computed tomography machine (CT). Methodology: 16 slice GE-Optima (2016) CT scanner was used to scan the 51 patient with liver disease, in period from April to August 2018 where the time and pattern of enhancement were assessed using stander triple phase protocols where the true angiographic phase was done using SMART prep option . The data was initially summarization into mean, stander deviation and percentage in a form comparison tables and figures. Results: Out of 51 examined samples (mean age of 54 years male and female ratio (30) (86.8%), (21) (41.2%) were (16) (21.3%) of patients have hepatocellular carcinoma to liver between disease. the accurate time of three phases in exposure time was (8.13-19.6-8.2s) and delay time was (5.16-22.11-359s). The Computed tomography enable detecting and characterization of liver diseases using the proper timing contrast and protocols.

Abstract: BackgroundIn a trial to modify the effective BPD-DS operation - the same way Rutledge modified RYGB by doing one loop end-to-side anastomosis – and to preserve its principles, the single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) was first described in 2007 by Sánchez-Pernaute and Torres as they performed Sleeve gastrectomy followed by 1-loop duodenoileostomy, with 250 cm between anastomosis and ileocecal valve. Anastomosis performed in ante colic and is peristaltic manner. Diarrhea after bariatric surgery, mainly those with malabsorptive elements including Roux-Y Gastric Bypass and Biliopancreatic Diversion, is not uncommon and an essential determinant of quality of life and micro- and macronutrient deficiencies. Bariatric procedures is the only sustainably successful method to address BMI and its comorbidities, particularly gaining more and more importance in the specific treatment of diabetic patients Purpose to assess diarrhea after the two procedures, Patients and Methods: The interventions were led at Beni-suef University Hospital between January 2018 and December2019, after the patients fitted both the inclusions and exclusions criteria. This study consisted of 36 patients which were randomized into 2 groups. Group (A): 18 patients assigned for Single Anastomosis Duodeno-ileal bypass – Sleeve Gastrectomy [SADI-S].Group (B): 18 patients assigned for Sleeve Gastrectomy.Conclusion: SADI-S/OADS is associated with more diarrhea than LSG.

Abstract: Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is a disease which occurs when the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve is impaired as a result of reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. Ophthalmic involvement has been considered the most important and potentially serious of all sites of Herpes Zoster virus. Objective of thispresent case study was to understand the modes of presentation and manifestations (ocular and extraocular) of HZO.This case study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology at Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla (Himachal Pradesh). The Patient diagnosed with HZO was underwent a comprehensive ocular and extraocularexamination. The ocular manifestations of HZO in the Patient was acute vesicular, dermatomal ,painful, unilateral skin rash, hyperesthesia over his left forehead skin, Hutchinson sign present,Conjunctivitis in left eye with no exudates or obvious corneal scarring , Superficial punctate keratitis, stromal keratitis,Visual acuity Right eye-6/12, Left eye -6/18, IOP digitally normal bilaterally, Fundus cannot be assessed (CNBA) in the left affectedeye, normal ocular movements in all planes with no diplopia, normal direct and consensual pupillary reflexes. Patient was medically treated with antiviral, antibiotic, cycloplegic and other supportive drugs and followed up.

Abstract: Aim – To study callus occurring in diabetic foot and distributing them through Amit Jain’s extended ‘SCC’ classification. Methods & materials – A descriptive retrospective analysis was done at Amit Jain’s Institute of Diabetic Foot & Wound Care at Brindhavvan Areion Hospital, Bengaluru, India. The study period was from December 2018 to November 2019. SPSS 22 was used for statistical analysis. Results – 30 patients were studied. Most of them were males and most were between 61-70 years old. Right foot was affected in 46.7%. All the cases of calluses were in forefoot in this study. Metatarsophalangeal joint was the most commonly affected site (50%). 53.3% of the callus was less than 2 cm in size. Type 1 callus was most common callus affecting 53.3% followed by type 2 callus. Type 3 callus were significantly multiple in number compared to type 1 and 2 callus. Antibiotics was used only for type callus as they had underlying infection. Conclusion- Diabetic foot callus are common in clinical practice and they are common in older people. Type 1 callus are most commonly seen in this study. Amit Jain’s classification is a new simple, easy, practical classification for callus which can effectively categorize all the calluses into any of the 3 types and it guides in treatment.